Central bankers to confer on Brexit-damaged recovery plans
The world’s monetary guardians will convene at the Bank for International Settlements’ annual meeting in Basel over the weekend, and at the European Central Bank’s yearly policy forum in Portugal from Monday. At each event they may consider how, after years of striving to heal their economies, and with nascent signs of success in the halting normalisation of US monetary policy and a gradual pickup of European credit, they’ve been set back by UK’s vote to leave the European Union.
Policy makers who acted promptly yesterday to help quell market turmoil are likely to turn to assessing the impact of the British decision on growth and inflation prospects for the EU and beyond. In calibrating a response, they’ll be mindful that monetary policy is already severely stretched after almost a decade of financial turbulence.
Central bankers “will instinctively understand that Brexit is a negative for the global economic outlook,” Marchel Alexandrovich, senior European economist at Jefferies International Ltd in London, said by phone. “Now it becomes a European issue, for banks and insurance companies. Two months ago we were hoping that the US Federal Reserve would raise rates, and there’d be higher yields at the end of the year. We’re in for a very long and uncertain road.”
Sentiment reversals
Investors and policy makers will have to wait for the UK’s decision to filter through into economic data -- first through sentiment indicators and then hard output figures. The European Commission’s confidence gauge for the euro area on June 29 will likely be too soon to capture any changes. Smaller indicators, such as the Sentix index due on July 4, have a short-enough lag to reflect some of the impact.
There is potential for significant reversals. Indicators including the ZEW investor expectations surveys for the euro area and Germany’s influential Ifo Index of business confidence rose in the run up to the vote.
The BIS — an institution that has warned repeatedly about the dangers of overburdening monetary policy — may find itself hosting officials concerned that their initial pledges of liquidity need to be followed up with stronger action. The man they’ll most want to talk to, unless turmoil at home keeps him away, is Bank of England Governor Mark Carney.
No getaway
Analysts including Gilles Moec, chief European economist at Bank of America Merrill Lynch, now expect the BOE to cut its key interest rate to zero in July from the current record-low 0.5 per cent, and expand its quantitative easing program by 50 billion pounds from August.
For the US, the Brexit saga has explicitly impacted the Fed’s plans to move interest rates from crisis-era lows. Chair Janet Yellen said this month that the impending vote played a role in the decision not to tighten.
Life at the ECB will scarcely be easier in coming days. Its annual forum in the Portuguese resort of Sintra is intended as an academic getaway, far from the pressures of markets, but there’s likely to be no escape from Brexit. Bond spreads between euro-area nations widened yesterday as investors shunned higher yielding debt such as Spain’s in favor of havens such as Germany.
Fundamental doubt
The ECB this month forecast euro-area economic growth of 1.6 per cent in 2016 and 1.7 per cent in each of the following two years. It sees inflation — at minus 0.1 per cent in May — rising to 1.6 per cent by 2018. Updated calculations to be published in September might not look so rosy. The Governing Council is due to hold its next non-monetary policy meeting on July 6, and a rate-setting session is scheduled for July 21.
In the near-term, the expected drop in UK demand for euro-area exports could, along with the confidence effects on top, translate into a 0.3 per cent reduction of the bloc’s gross domestic product, according to estimates published by Nicola Mai, an analyst at Pacific Investment Management Co yesterday.
That’s “modest but not irrelevant for an economy were underlying growth is close to 1.25 per cent,” Mai wrote. “This additional shock to an already fragile recovery means that the ECB may need to add yet again to its already aggressive quantitative easing program.”
According to Jefferies’ Alexandrovich, the Frankfurt-based central bank may be able to contain any bond-market turmoil in Europe simply by picking up the pace of its asset-buying program, currently €80 billion (RM364 billion) a month. Beyond that, it may have little room left to ease policy.
Moreover, the UK’s jettisoning of the EU might engender a fundamental doubt about the future of the bloc, and by extension the euro, according to Megan Greene, chief economist at Manulife Asset Management LLC in Boston. In that case, central bankers can do little to address what is a political problem.
“This will provide a real confidence-channel headwind in the EU, and over the medium term the threat is much bigger,” Greene said in a phone interview. “There will be some soul searching about what the EU needs to change.” — Bloomberg
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